Business Intelligence: Trends and Insights

Chapter 1

Challenges of Digital Sustainability in Malaysia

Abstract – In digital age, rapid digitalisation is recognised as key catalyst to accelerate economic development via numerous production and consumption activities. The increase in digital transformations has paralleled the rising importance of sustainable digital management in the realm of digital economy. Despite the massive economic benefits, there are some potential costs associated with the process should have concerned too. This paper attempts to study some realities of digital development in Malaysia and discuss the challenges of individual, organization and society level. Major stakeholders lack the central idea of digital sustainability which could possibly impede the goal of country’s sustainable development in the long term. This paper provides some important insights on the digital sustainability in Malaysian environment and serve as useful information in relation to policy making decision on path to achieve more sustainable digital driven economic growth. Additionally, technology providers and users being as major players in digital development are certainly in place to play proactive role in embracing sustainable activities.

Cite this chapter as:
Tan, S. H., & Goh, M. L. (2025). Challenges of digital sustainability in Malaysia. In M. L. Goh, A. Angusamy, K. P. Lai, & F. Othman (Eds.), Business intelligence: Trends and insights (pp. 5−30). MMU Press.

Chapter 2

The Effect of TikTok Viral Advertisements Toward Consumers’ Purchase Intention in TikTok Shop: A Study on Generation Z in Malaysia

Abstract – TikTok, which is one of the most downloaded social media platforms in the year 2021, has now been fully recognised and utilised by most of the businesses as an integrated marketing strategy and tools in view of its highly engagement reach. TikTok has gained popularity worldwide especially among the Generation Z as the site mirrors the youth’s culture of iconography, rituals, places, and lifestyles. This research aims to investigate how the TikTok advertisement affects purchase intention in TikTok shop among Generation Z in Malaysia, who are the most dominant and active group of users in TikTok. A total of 215 TikTok users whose age between 18 to 26 across Malaysia, completed the online questionnaire survey through convenience sampling and snowball sampling. The findings reveal that TikTok advertising attractiveness, advertising recall and advertising persuasiveness have a significant impact on consumers’ purchase intention in TikTok shop in Malaysia. Businesses and marketers which intend to use video advertising through social media platform should design the video advertisement as attractive as possible to catch audience attention. In addition, they should also create a memorable and persuasive video advertisement to enhance consumers purchase intention.

Cite this chapter as:
Chow, M. M., & Goh, M. L. (2025). The effect of TikTok viral advertisements toward consumers’ purchase intention in TikTok Shop: A study on Generation Z in Malaysia. In M. L. Goh, A. Angusamy, K. P. Lai, & F. Othman (Eds.), Business intelligence: Trends and insights (pp. 31−54). MMU Press.

Chapter 3

Exploring the Factors Influencing Psychological Wellbeing Among Malaysia’s B40 Socioeconomic Group

Abstract – Psychological well-being (PWB) is an important aspect of overall health, especially in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic. This study intends to evaluate the factors that influence PWB among B40 households in Malaysia, given their heightened vulnerability to mental health challenges. The research explores the impact of work-life balance, physical activity, mindfulness, social support, and government support on PWB. Drawing upon existing literature, the study establishes the theoretical framework for understanding the relationships between these factors and PWB. Data were collected through Google survey forms distributed to low-income B40 households in southern regions i.e. Johor, Melaka, and Negeri Sembilan. After meticulous screening, 185 replies were considered appropriate for analysis. The acquired data was rigorously analyzed using SPSS software. The findings indicate significant positive impacts of mindfulness and social support on PWB among B40 households. Conversely, work-life balance, physical activity, and government support did not exhibit statistically significant effects on PWB. This research underscores the importance of addressing the psychological well-being of B40 households, especially during the challenging circumstances imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The limitations of the study are acknowledged, and suggestions for additional research are made. By shedding light on the factors influencing PWB, this work adds to the greater discourse on mental health promotion and intervention strategies tailored to vulnerable populations in Malaysia.

Cite this chapter as:
Chun, K. Y., Cheah, C. S., & Cheah, Y. Y. (2025). Exploring the factors influencing psychological wellbeing among Malaysia’s B40 socioeconomic group. In M. L. Goh, A. Angusamy, K. P. Lai, & F. Othman (Eds.), Business intelligence: Trends and insights (pp. 55−81). MMU Press.

Chapter 4

Exploring the Investment Mindset: Understanding Malaysian Youths’ Intentions towards Private Retirement Schemes (PRS)

Abstract – Retirement planning in Malaysia is often synonymous with the Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF). However, technological advancements have introduced another avenue called Private Retirement Scheme (PRS). The Malaysian Financial Literacy Survey (2021) revealed that 50% of respondents struggled to sustain themselves financially in both short and long terms, while 44% admitted difficulty in managing monthly expenses within their income. These findings underscore the critical need for financial literacy. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to identify the factors influencing Malaysian youths’ investment in retirement planning, particularly in Private Retirement Schemes (PRS). In this study, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) serves as the main theoretical framework, with five variables: Attitude (A), Subjective Norms (SN), Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC), Financial Literacy (FL), and Self-Efficacy (SE). The study employed a questionnaire survey distributed to 142 Malaysian youths via the online platform Google Form. The findings indicate that attitude, perceived behavioural control, and self-efficacy significantly influence Malaysian youths’ intention to invest in private retirement scheme. However, subjective norms and financial literacy were not found to be significant factors affecting the behavioural intention of Malaysian youths to invest in private retirement scheme.

Cite this chapter as:
Hashim, H., Er, M. H., Othman, F., & Amir, S. Z. (2025). Exploring the investment mindset: Understanding Malaysian youths’ intentions towards Private Retirement Schemes (PRS). In M. L. Goh, A. Angusamy, K. P. Lai, & F. Othman (Eds.),
Business intelligence: Trends and insights (pp. 83−102). MMU Press.

Chapter 5

Impact of Financial Literacy, Financial Behaviour and Future Orientation on Retirement Planning: Moderating Role of Gender

Abstract – Having good retirement planning enables people to maintain their standard of living, be prepared for longer life, fulfil their retirement goals, fight increasing living costs, and leave a legacy for their family. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), individuals with good saving behaviour tend to make saving plans, view saving behaviour positively and make good retirement plans. Properly managing funds and making good financial decisions are basic life skills to ensure long-term financial health. Past studies have found that women are better at planning for retirement. The study investigated the relationship between financial literacy, financial behaviour, future orientation, and retirement planning with gender as a moderator and employs the positivist paradigm of research that relies on the deductive method. The data was collected from 250 respondents aged 18 years and above, using a convenient sampling method. The instruments measuring the variables are adopted from the existing literature. The PLS-SEM analysis found that financial literacy and future orientation have a significant relationship with retirement planning while financial behaviour showed an insignificant relationship with no moderating effect of gender in the relationship between the three variables. The findings indicates that financial education and planning on regular basis empower the people to plan for a better retirement life.  Implications of this study also provided benefits for future research, the government and the general public.

Cite this chapter as:
Angusamy, A., Balakrishnan, K., & Liew, M. Y. (2025). Impact of financial literacy, financial behaviour and future orientation on retirement planning: Moderating role of gender. In M. L. Goh, A. Angusamy, K. P. Lai, & F. Othman (Eds.), Business intelligence: Trends and insights (pp. 103−130). MMU Press.

Chapter 6

Conceptual Frameworks for Financial Literacy Models: Unveiling Dimensions and Relationships

Abstract – Despite significant criticism on this matter, financial literacy has been acknowledged by governing bodies in many countries and initiatives by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) as a crucial skill for the 21st century. With a growing number of educational studies on financial literacy, there is an urgent attention for conceptual models to illustrate their framework. This study aims to propose conceptual models of financial literacy that depict financial behavior, the dimensions of financial literacy model, and the interrelationships between these dimensions and their components. It will be advantageous for various other studies describing and discussing financial literacy, as well as the financial literacy model presenting different facets of this competency. To offer a comprehensive view based on literature analysis, three dimensions are delineated: financial knowledge, financial attitude, and financial behavior, alongside their influence in this model. The relationships between these dimensions are examined based on their significant impact in the financial literacy model. Implications of this study also provided benefits for future research to apply this proposed model in various fields.

Cite this chapter as:
Othman, F., & Lestari, R. M. E. (2025). Conceptual frameworks for financial literacy models: Unveiling dimensions and relationships. In M. L. Goh, A. Angusamy, K. P. Lai, & F. Othman (Eds.), Business intelligence: Trends and insights (pp. 131−147). MMU Press.